زمین‌شناسی، سنگ‌نگاری، کانی‌شناسی مدرن و بررسی تشکیل کانی‌ها و کانه‌های ذخیره مس (-طلا) قره تپه (شرق ماکو، شمالغرب ایران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم زمین، دانشکده علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، ایران

2 گروه گوهرشناسی، پژوهشکده زمین‌شناسی پزشکی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، ایران

10.22128/ijcm.2025.3078.1013

چکیده

منطقه معدنی قره‌تپه در شرق ماکو از سنگ‌های کربناتی پرمین با دولومیت‌های غنی از مواد آلی و واحدهای تبخیری تشکیل شده است. کانه‌زایی مس به‌صورت‌های رگه‌-رگچه‌ای شامل کالکوسیت، کوولیت، پیریت و کالکوپیریت رخ داده و اکسایش آنها منجر به تشکیل مالاکیت، آزوریت و گوتیت شده است. سیل‌های میکرودیوریتی منبع احتمالی مس و گسل‌ها مسیر اصلی مهاجرت سیال­ها هستند. داده‌های پراش پرتوی ایکس (XRD)، طیف­سنجی تبدلی فوریه فروسرخ (FTIR) و میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی (SEM) بیانگر کانه‌زایی چندمرحله‌ای و روزادی هستند؛ کانی‌های اصلی کالکوسیت و دولومیت با همراهی پیریت، هماتیت و کوارتز، اثر چند رویداد گرمابی با ترکیب‌های متفاوت را نشان می‌دهند. تغییرهای ساختاری دولومیت بسته به شدت دگرسانی تأیید شده و طلا به‌صورت پراکنده در دولومیت و در ارتباط با سولفیدهای مس شناسایی شده است. در مجموع، سنگ دولومیت میزبان و کنترل‌کننده اصلی سیال ها بوده و کانه‌زایی مس–طلا در اثر جنس سنگ، ساختارهای گسلی و فعالیت گرمابی شکل گرفته و پتانسیل اکتشافی بالایی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Geology, Petrography, Modern Mineralogy, and Formation of Minerals and Ore Minerals of the Qareh Tappeh Cu (–Au) Deposit (East of Maku, Northwestern Iran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohamad Reza Hosseinzadeh 1 2
  • Ali Asadi 1 2
  • Yalda Vahed 1
  • Vartan Simmonds 1
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 Gemology Group, Research Institute of Medical and Environmental Geology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Qareh Tappeh mineralized zone, situated east of Maku, consists of Permian carbonate rocks that include organic-rich dolomites and evaporite layers. Copper occurs in veins and veinlets, primarily as chalcocite, covellite, pyrite, and chalcopyrite, with oxidation producing secondary minerals such as malachite, azurite, and goethite. Microdioritic sills are suggested as a potential copper source, while faults have served as principal conduits for hydrothermal fluids. Analyses using XRD, FTIR, and SEM reveal multiphase, epigenetic mineralization; chalcocite and dolomite dominate, accompanied by pyrite, hematite, and quartz, reflecting multiple hydrothermal events with varied fluid compositions. Structural changes in dolomite correlate with the intensity of alteration, and fine gold disseminations occur within dolomite and alongside copper sulfides. Overall, dolomite acted both as the host rock and as the main geochemical regulator of mineralizing fluids. The Cu–Au mineralization was governed by lithology, fault systems, and hydrothermal processes, highlighting the area’s significant exploration potential.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Copper (Gold) mineralization
  • hydrothermal fluids
  • dolomite
  • X-ray diffraction
  • electron microscopy
  • Maku

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 آذر 1404

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