Investigation of Geochemistry of the major, trace and rare earth elements in the hydrothermal alteration and the mineralization zones at Tazehkand area, Northeast of Zanjan

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2 Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranUniversity

Abstract

The Tazekand mineralization zones, as a part of Tarom-Hashtjin metallogenic belt, is located about 45 km northeast of Zanjan city, NW Iran. Based on field study, petrography, and geochemical investigations, the lithologic composition of the intrusive rocks in the area varies from monzonite, diorite, granodiorite to gabbro, and volcanic units ranging from trachy-andesite, andesite to basaltic andesite. Delineation of diagrams of the Ishikawa alteration index (AI), chlorite-carbonate-pyrite index (CCPI) (known as alteration box plot), and the chemical alteration index (CIA) illustrated the main types and intensity of alterations in this area. Consideration of depletion and enrichment of elements by noting the enrichment factor in the alteration and mineralization zones indicates the role of high-temperature and low-pH of the altering fluids which acted as an important factor in decomposition of minerals such as plagioclase, alkali feldspar, and ferromagnesian and absence of K2O, Na2O and CaO components. The general pattern of REE distribution normalized by both chondrite and primitive mantle in altered and relatively fresh granitoid and volcanic units (as host rocks), shows a conspicuous negative slope and enrichment in LREE and large ion lithospheric elements (LILE) and depletion in HREE and high field strength elements (HFSE) during the alteration processes. Ce, Eu and Pr anomalies (Eu/Eu*, Ce/Ce*, Pr/Pr*) were investigated in ores along with fresh and altered host rocks. What can be inferred from these studies are that the changes in the behavior of rare earth elements as well as their normalized distribution pattern for each type of alteration has its own peculiar physicochemical conditions influenced by the action of multiple injections of hydrothermal fluids during both hypogene and supergene processes. The supergene processes compared to hypogene processes played very important and prominent role in development and evolution of the alteration zones in the Tazekand mineralization area

Keywords

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Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy
Volume 32, Issue 4 - Serial Number 96
December 2024
Pages 683-710

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  • Receive Date: 03 April 2024
  • Revise Date: 02 May 2024
  • Accept Date: 26 May 2024

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