کانی‌شناسی و ارزیابی بوم‌شناسی فلزات سنگین در رسوب‌های سطحی دریاچه مهارلو، شیراز، ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

دریاچه مهارلو به‌عنوان بزرگ‌ترین توده آبی در همسایگی کلان‌شهر شیراز نقش بسیار مهمی را در تعدیل بوم سامانه منطقه ایفا می‌کند. در این پژوهش، کانی شناسی و غنی شدگی فلزات سنگین در رسوب­های سطحی دریاچه مهارلو بررسی شده است.  نتایج به دست آمده، ترتیب مقدار غلظت فلزات سنگین را در رسوب­های سطحی منطقه مورد بررسی به‌صورت Sr>Ni>Cr>Zn>Cu>Co>Pb>As>Cd نشان داد. براساس نتایج پراش پرتوی x (XRD) برای رسوب­های سطحی، فازهای کانی‌شناسی اصلی  شامل آراگونیت، کلسیت، هالیت و کوارتز و به مقدار کمتر مونت موریلونیت، دولومیت و سپولیت هستند. مقایسه با دستورالعمل‌های کیفیت رسوب کانادا وضعیت به نسبت سمی را برای  فلزات سنگین مورد بررسی نشان داد.  همچنین بر اساس واحد سمناکی، بالاترین میزان مسمومیت‌زایی برای نیکل و کروم محاسبه شدند. براساس بررسی­های انجام شده،  مجموع بیشترین واحد سمناکی و پتانسیل خطر ممکن بوم‌شناسی همه فلزات مورد بررسی مربوط به  ورودی دریاچه است که در همسایگی رودخانه خشک قرار دارد. نتایج بررسی­های آماری نشان داد که قرار گرفتن عناصر Ni، Co و  Cr با اکسیدهای اصلی کانی ساز Al2O3، SiO2، K2O، Fe2O3 و TiO2 ناشی از سازند رازک بوده در حالی که ارتباط معنادار بین Sr با گوگرد و اکسیدهای کلسیم، منیزیم و سدیم نشان دهنده خاستگاه تبخیری و کربناتی این عنصر است که اغلب مربوط به سازند ساچون در منطقه مورد بررسی است. همچنین عناصر Pb، Cu، Cd، Zn و As در اثر فعالیت های انسانی پیرامون دریاچه در رسوب سطحی آن بارگزاری شده­اند.     

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mineralogical and ecological assessment of heavy metals in the surface sediment of Maharlou Lake, Shiraz, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Karimian Torghabeh 1
  • bijan Etemadi 1
  • Mohammad Hosain Mahmudy Gharaie 2
  • Ashkan Jahandari 3
1 Shiraz University
2 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 Shahid Bahonar Kerman University
چکیده [English]

Maharlou Lake, as the largest water body neighboring to the metropolis of Shiraz, plays a significant role in adjusting the ecosystem of the region. The objective of this study was to evaluate mineralogy and heavy metals enrichment in the surface sediments of the Maharlou Lake. The result showed a decreasing trend of heavy metals concentrations in studied region surface sediments as follows: Sr>Ni>Cr>Zn>Cu>Co>Pb>As>Cd. The XRD analysis revealed that main mineral phases including aragonite, calcite, halite and quartz, with lesser amount of montmorillonite, dolomite and sepolite. The result of Canadian sediment quality guidelines showed a rather toxic situation for investigated heavy metals. In addition, in terms of toxicity unit, the highest measure of generating toxicity for Ni and Cr were calculated. Among all sample stations, the most collected toxic unit and potential ecological risk were related to Lake inlet which is adjacent to the Khoshk River. In order to identify the source of heavy metals  concentrations as well as major oxides, the multivariate statistical analysis used method. The result indicated that elements such as Ni, Co and Cr with major mineral- bearing oxides show can have a surce from Razak Formation, while the significant relationship between Sr, S, and calcium, magnesium and sodium oxides revealed the source from evaporate  and carbonate rocks, which is mainly related to Sachun Formation in the investigated area. Also, the elements Pb, Cu. Cd, Zn and As, in the surface sediments of the lake can be related to human activities around the lake.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Maharlou Lake
  • surface sediment
  • Razak Formation
  • Sachun Formation
  • heavy metal

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 آبان 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 بهمن 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 اسفند 1397

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