Fabrication and investigation of structural and Optical Properties of Bismuth Titanate (Bi4Ti3O12) Thin Films by sol-gel method

Abstract

Bismuth titanate (B14Ti3O12) ceramic have attracted many attentions due to their various significant properties and applications and have been studied by many researchers. In this study, the related solutions were prepared by using sol-gel technique, and coated on glass substrates, using the spin coating instrument. Then, the structural and optical properties of the prepared thin films were investigated. In more details, at first the primary cell was prepared using bismuth nitrate, acetic acid, titanium isopropoxide, 2-methoxyethanol and acetyle aceton with certain molar ratios. After mixing and stirring the ingrediantes, the sol-gels were formed. Then they were coated on glass substrates with a specific speed, using spin coating instrument. Also in this study, we investigate the structural and optical properties of Bismuth Titanate (Bi4Ti3O12) thin films. In ordere to determine the type of phases, surface morphology and optical properties of the prepared thin films, the X-ray difraction patterns, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical absorption-transmission spectra analysis of Sun and Pole were used, respectively.

Keywords

References

[1] Scott J. F., "Applications of modern ferroelectrics", science 315 (5814) 954-959.

[2] Zhang W. F., Zhang M. S., Yin Z., Gu Y. Z., Du Z. L., Yu B. L., "Large third-order optical nonlinearity in SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films by pulsed laser deposition. Applied physics letters", 75 (1999) 902.

[3] Aurivillius B., "Mixed Bismuth Oxides With Layer Lattices. 2. Structure of Bi4Ti3O12". Arkiv for kemi, 1(6) (1950) 499-512.

[4] Yao W. F., Wang H., Xu X. H., Cheng X. F., Huang J., Shang S. X., Wang M., "Photocatalytic property of bismuth titanate Bi 12 TiO 20 crystals", Applied Catalysis A: General, 243(1) (2003) 185-190.

[5] Aurivillius B., "Dielectric relaxation in layered oxides of the Aurivillius phase family", Ark kemi, 1 (1949) 463.

[6] Subbarao E. C., "Ferroelectricity in Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 and its solid solutions", Physical Review, 122(3) (1961) 804.

[7] Rae A. D., Thompson J. G., Withers R. L., Willis A. C., "Structure refinement of commensurately modulated bismuth titanate, Bi4Ti3O12." Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Science, 46(4) (1990) 474-487.

[8] W.A.S S.L. Swartz, Biggers J.V., ferroelectrics, 38 (1981) 765

[9] Safari R. K. P. a. V. F. J. A., "Ferroelectric ceramics: Processing, properties and applications", J Am Ceram Soc, vol. 92(4), pp. 626–720, (2007).

[10] Madeswaran S., Giridharan N. V., Jayavel R., "Sol–gel synthesis and property studies of layered perovskite bismuth titanate thin films", Materials chemistry and physics, 80(1) (2003) 23-28.

[11] Patterson A. L., "The Scherrer formula for X-ray particle size determination", Physical review, 56(10) (1939) 978.

[12] Swanepoel R., "Determination of surface roughness and optical constants of inhomogeneous amorphous silicon films", Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments, 17(10) (1984) 896.

[13] Jia C. H., Chen Y. H., Zhang W. F., "Optical properties of aluminum-, gallium-, and indium-doped Bi4Ti3O12 thin films" (2009).

[14] Chia W. K., Chen Y. C., Yang C. F., "Electrical and Optical Characteristics of Bi4Ti3O12 Thin Film on Indium–Tin-Oxide/Glass", Japanese journal of applied physics, 45(6R) (2006) 5087.

[15] Jia C., Chen Y., Ding L., Zhang W., "Effect of incorporating nonlanthanoidal indium on optical properties of ferroelectric Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 thin films.", Applied Surface Science, 253(24) (2007) 9506-9512.

[16] Cao Z., Ding A., He X., Cheng W., Qiu P., "Optical properties of BNT thin films grown on Pt/Ti/SiO 2/Si (100) substrates by a CSD processing", Journal of crystal growth, 270(1) (2004) 168-173.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 02 July 2025
  • Revise Date: 04 February 2026
  • Accept Date: 02 July 2025

Share

How to cite

Statistics