Mineral chemistry, Geohemistry and mineral chemistry of the amphibolites in the northeast of Dorud (Lorestan province)

Abstract

Amphibolites in the studied area have upper Triassic age and seen with various rocks such as micaschiste, marble and metadolomite. These rocks with dark and green color contain minerals as hornblende, plagioclase, actinolite, tremolite and epidote that dark and light minerals were separated and seen as dark and light bands. Based on whole rock geochemical analysis, these rocks belong to sub-alkaline series, and show tholeiitic trend and basaltic origin. So, amphibolites in this area are ortho-amphibolite type. Based on tectonic discrimination diagrams, protolithic rock of these amphibolites revealed to oceanic crust and tectono-magmatic setting in within plate environment. The chemical composition of amphibole in amphibolites show the calcic amphibole group and different mineral types as Tremolite - actinolite, Pargasite and Magnesio-hornblende. Based on the obtained results from the analysis of plagioclases in amphibolites, in triangular diagram Ab-An-Or, plagioclases mostly been located in andesine- oligoclase to labradorite range in this diagram. Estimates of temperature and pressure of crystallization in plagioclase and amphibole minerals base on thermobarometric relations using paired minerals coexisting hornblende - plagioclase temperature been showed the ranges between 588 to 819 °C with an average of 704 °C and a range of pressure between 2 to 6 Kbar for these minerals.

Keywords


[1] سهندی م.ر.، رادفر ج.، حسینی دوست س.ج.، محجل م.، "نقشه 1:1000000 شازند"، سازمان زمین شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور، (1385)، برگ شماره 5857.

[2] رادفر ج.، "بررسی‌های زمین‌شناسی و پترولوژی سنگ‌های گرانیتوئیدی ناحیه آستانه- گوشه"، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تهران (1366).

[3] Berthier F., Billiaul H.P., Halbroronn B., Marizot P., "Etude Stratigraphique, petrologiqueet structural de La region de khorramabad (zagros, Iran)", These De 3e cycle, Grenoble, (1974), 282.

[4] Mohajjel M., "Structure and tectonic evolution of Paleozoic – Mesozoic rocks, Sanandaj- Sirjan zone, western Iran", PhD. thesis, University of Wollongong, Australlia, (1997).

[5] Shakerardakani F., Neubauer F., Masoudi F., Mehrabi B., Liu X., Dong Y., Mohajjel M., Monfaredi B., Friedl G., "Panafrican basement and Mesozoic gabbro in the Zagros orogenic belt in the Dorud-Azna region (NW Iran): Laser-ablation ICP-MS zircon ages and geochemistry", Tectonophysics 647 (2015) 146-171.

[6] StÖcklin J., Setudinia A., "Lexique‌-‌Stratigraphique internatinal volumeIII ASIE. Centre National de la Rechrche Scientifique", 15, quei Anatol France, (1972), 75.

[7] صفرزاده م.، "پتروژنز و شیمی کانی آمفیبولیت های شمال شرق دورود"، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه لرستان (1393).

[8] Leake B.E., Woolley A.R., Arps C.E.S., Birch W.D., Gilbert M.C., Grice J.D., Hawthorne F.C., Kato A., Kisch H,J., Krivovichev V.G., Linthout K., Laird J.A., Maresch W.V., Nicket E.H., Rock N.M.S., Schumacher J.C., Smith D.C., Stephenson N.C.N. Ungareti L., Whittaker E.J.W., Youzhi G., "Nomenclature of amphiboles: report of the subcommittee on amphidoles of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on new minerals and mineral names", European Journal of Mineralogy 9 (1997) 623-651.

[9] Molina J. F., Scarrow J.H., Montero P.G., "High-Ti amphibole as a petrogenetic indicator of magma chemistry: evidence for mildly alkalichybrid melts during evolution of Variscan basic– ultrabasic magmatism of Central Iberia", Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology 158 (2009) 69–98.

[10] Hawthorne F.C., Oberti . R , E., Har low G. V., Maresch W. F., Mar tin R. C., Schumacher J . D., Welch M., "Nomenclature of the amphibole supergroup", American Mineralogist 97 (2012) 2031–2048.

[11] Sial A.N., Ferreira V.P., Fallick A.E., Jeronimo M., Cruz M., "Amphibole- rich clots in calc-alkalic granitoids in the Borborema province northeastern Brazil", Journal of South American Earth Science 11 (1998) 457-471.

[12] Fleet M.E., Barnett R.L., "A1IV/A1VI partitioning in calciferous amphiboles from the Frood mine, Sudbury, Ontario", Canadian Mineralogist 16 (1978) 527-532.

[13] Hammarstrom J.M., Zen E., "Aluminum in hornblende: An empirical igneous geobarometer", American Mineralogist 71 (1986) 1297-1331.

[14] Hollister L.S., Grissom G.E., Peters E.K., Stowell H.H., Sisson V. R., "Confirmation of the empirical correlation of AI in hornblende with pressure of solidification of calc-alkaline plutons", American Mineralogist 72 (1987) 231-239.

[15] Johnson M.C., Rutherford M.J., "Experimentally calibration of the aluminum–in–hornblende geobarometer with application to Long Valley caldera (California) volcanic rocks", Geology 17 (1989) 837-841.

[16] Poli S, Schmidt M.W., "A comment on "Calcic amphibole equilibria and a new amphibole-plagioclase geothermometer", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 111 (1992) 273-278.

[17] Schmidt M.W., "Amphibole composition in tonalite as a function of pressure: an experimental calibration of the Al in hornblende barometer", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 110 (1992) 304-310.

[18] Thomas W.M., Ernst W.G., "The aluminum content of hornblende in calc-alkaline granitic rocks: A mineralogic barometer calibrated experimentally to 12 kbars", In R.J. Spencer and I-M. Chou, Eds., Fluid-mineral interactions: A tribute to H. P. Eugster. Geochemical Society Special Publication 2 (1990) 59-63.

[19] Spear F.S., "Amphibole- plagioclase equilibria: An empirical model for the relation albite+ tremolite= edenite+ 4 quartz", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 77 (1981) 355-364.

[20] Laird J., Lanphere A., Albee A.L., "Distribution of Ordovician and Devonian metamorphism in mafic and pelitic schists from Vermont", American Journal of Science 284 (1984) 376-416.

[21] Brown E.H., "The crosstie content of Ca- amphibole as a guide to pressure of metamorphism", Journal of Petrology 18 (1977) 376-416.

[22] Rasse P., "Al and Ti contents of hornblende, indicatores of pressure and temprature of regional metamorphism", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 45 (1974) 231-236.

[23] Féménias O., Mercier G.C., Nkono C., Diot H., Berza T., Tatu M., Demaiffe D., "Calcic amphibole growth and compositions in calcalkaline magmas: Evidence from the Motru Dike Swarm (Southern Carpathians, Romania)", American Mineralogist 91 (2006) 73-81.

[24] Blundy J.D., Holland T.J. B., "Calcic amphibole equilibria and a new amphibole- plagioclase geothermometer", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 104 (1990) 208-224.

[25] Okamoto A., Toriumi M., "Optimal mixing properties of calcic and subcalcic amphiboles: application of Gibbs’ method to the Sanbagawa schists, SW Japan", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 146 (2004) 529-545.

[26] Stein E., Dietl C., "Hornblende thermobarometry of granitoids from the Central Odenwald (Germany) and their implications for the geotectonic development of Odenwald:" Mineralogy and petrology 72 (2001) 185-207.

[27] Anderson J.L., Smith D.R., "The effects of temperature and fo2 on the Al- in hornblende barometer", American Mineralogist 80 (1995) 549-559.

[28] Helz R., "Phase reactions of basalts in their melting range at PH2O = 5kb, Part 11, Melt composition", Journal of Petrology 17 (1993) 139- 193.

[29] Ernst W.G., Liu J., "Experimental phase-equilibrium study of Al-and Ti-contents of calcic amphibole in MORB-A semiquantitative thermobarometer", American Mineralogist 83 (1998) 952-969.

[30] Liu J., "High pressure phase equilibria involving the amphibolite-eclogite transformation", unpublished doctoral dissertation, Stanford University, 1997.

[31] Holland T.J.B., Blundy J.D., "Non-ideal interactions in calcic amphiboles and their bearing on amphibole plagioclase thermometry", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 116 (1994) 433-447.

[32] Plyusnina L.P., "Geothermometry and geobarometry of plagioclase-hornblende bearing assemblages", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 80 (1982) 140-146.

[33] Deer W.A., Howie R.A., Zussman J., "An introduction to the rock-forming minerals", Prentice Hall, (1992).

[34] Kroll H., Evangelakakis C., Voll G., "Two feldspar geothermometery: a review and revision for slowly cooled rocks", Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology (1993) 510-518.

[35] Anderson J.L., "Status of thermo-barometry in granitic batholiths", Earth Science Review 87 (1996) 125-138.

[36] Misra S.N., "Chemical distinction of highgrade ortho- and para-metabasites", Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 51 (1971) 311–316.

[37] Walker K. R., Joplin G. A., Lovering J. F., Green R., "Metamorphic and metasomatic convergence of basic igneous rocks and lime magnesia sediments of the Precambrian of north western Queensland", Journal of Geology Society Australia 6 (1960) 149-178.

[38] Cox K.G., Bell J.D., Pankhurst R.J., "The interpretation of igneous rocks", George, Allen and Unwin, London, (1979).

[39] Barton M. D., Ilchik R. P., Marikos M. A., "Metasomatism", In: Kerrick D. M., (Ed) Contact Metamorphism, Reviews in Mineralogy 26 (1991) 321-350.

[40] Winter J. D., "Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology", Prentice Hall, (2010).

[41] Irvine T.N., Baragar W.R.A., "A guide to the chemical classification of the common volcanic rocks", Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 8 (1971) 523-484.

[42] Pearce T.H., Gorman B.E., Birkett T.C., "The TiO2–K2O–P2O5 diagram: A method of discriminating between oceanic and non-oceanic basalts", Earth and Planetary Science Letters 24 (1975) 419-426.

[43] Pearce J.A., Gale G.H., "Identification of ore deposition environment from trace element Geochemistry of associated igneous host rocks", Geological Society, London, Special Publications 7 (1977) 14-24.

[44] Pearce J.A., Cann J.R., "Tectonic setting of basic volcanic rocks determined using trace element analyses", Earth and Planetary Science Letters 19 (1973) 290–300.

[45] Pearce JA, Norry MJ., "Petrogenetic implications of Ti, Zr, Y and Nb variations in volcanic rocks", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 69 (1979) 33-47.

[46] Nakamura N., "Determination of REE, Ba, Fe, Mg, Na, and K in carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 38 (1974) 757–775.

[47] Thompson A.B., "Magmatism of the Bristish Terciary volcanic Province", Scottish Journal of Geology 18 (1982) 50–107.