Investigation of Metasomatized Mantle Following Neotethyan Subduction: Insights from Mafic Enclaves of the Qezeljeh-Kand Volcano

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Mineral and Groundwater resource, School of Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Geology, Payam-e-Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697, Iran

3 Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Wrocław, ul. Podwale 75, 50-449 Wrocław, Poland

10.22128/ijcm.2025.3026.1003

Abstract

The Qezeljeh-Kand volcano in northwest Iran hosts mafic enclaves that provide key evidence for mantle metasomatism related to the Neotethyan subduction. These enclaves, including phlogopite–pyroxenite, amphibole–phlogopite–pyroxenite, and olivine–phlogopite–pyroxenite, reveal a mafic mantle source modified by metasomatic processes. The presence of K-rich hydrous phases (phlogopite, amphibole), enrichment of LILE over HFSE, negative Nb–Ta anomalies, and LREE-enriched REE patterns are consistent with modal metasomatism, mainly fluid-induced by slab-derived agents. Sr–Nd isotopic data indicate an older, less-contaminated mantle source for the enclaves compared to their volcanic host. The comparison shows that enclaves chiefly record fluid-dominated modal metasomatism, whereas the host rocks reflect an additional contribution from melt-related metasomatism. These differences highlight the long-term role of subduction-derived fluids in the chemical modification of the lithospheric mantle beneath the area.

Keywords

Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 28 September 2025

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History

  • Receive Date: 26 August 2025
  • Revise Date: 20 September 2025
  • Accept Date: 28 September 2025

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