بررسی سنگ‌زایی ریولیت‌های منطقه دهبید (پهنه سنندج-سیرجان) شواهدی از ذوب پوسته و تکامل پس از کوهزایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

10.22128/ijcm.2025.3044.1008

چکیده

ریولیت‌های منطقه دهبید در بخش جنوبی پهنه سنندج-سیرجان به‌صورت توده‌های نفوذی کوچک رخنمون دارند و دارای ترکیب نیمه قلیایی با مقدار بالای سیلیس (24/76 تا 52/78 درصد وزنی)، مقادیر کم TiO2، Fe2O3t و MgO، تغییر گسترده K2O، Na2O و شاخص جدایش بالا هستند. این سنگ‌ها با داشتن کروندوم هنجاری بالا (بیش از 1%) ماهیت آهکی قلیایی تا کلسیمی و ترکیب پرآلومین، ویژگی‌های گرانیت نوع S را نشان می‌دهند. حضور بیوتیت، مسکوویت، اسفن، آپاتیت و زیرکن به همراه نسبت‌های پایین Nb/Ta (میانگین 7/13) و Zr/Hf (میانگین 22)، خاستگاه پوسته‌ای ماگما را تأیید می‌کند. تغییرهای Th نسبت به Th/U نشان می‌دهد که این ریولیت‌ها در مرز بین گرانیت‌های نوع S و I قرار دارند و از ذوب‌بخشی پوسته قاره­­ای میانی تا پایینی شکل گرفته­اند. الگوهای عناصر خاکی نادر بیانگر غنی‌شدگی عناصر خاکی نادر سبک (LREE)، روند به نسبت تخت عناصر خاکی نادر سنگین (HREE) و نبود تهی‌شدگی شدید از HREE هستند که بیانگر نبود نقش گارنت در منبع است. ناهنجاری منفی قوی Eu  (Eu/Eu*=0.04–0.17)، تهی‌شدگی از Ti، Eu، Nb، Ta، Sr و P غنی‌شدگی Th،Pb ، U، La و Zr و همراه با نسبت­های متغیری از Rb، K، Ba و Cs، به ذوب‌بخشی سنگ‌هایی با باقیمانده پلاژیوکلاز نسبت داده می‌شود که گویای ناهمگنی در حضور پلاژیوکلاز و ارتوکلاز است. شاخص اشباع زیرکن نیز دمای پایین (کمتر از C800°) و فشار کم (کمتر از 300 مگاپاسکال) را برای ذوب‌بخشی رسوب­ها (ماسه سنگ تیره، پسامیت و شیل) نشان می‌دهد. ویژگی‌های زمین شیمیایی این ریولیت‌ها شبیه گرانیت‌های پرآلومین کم ‌دما در کوهزایی‌های برخوردی فشار بالا (چون آلپ و هیمالیا)، در جایی که ضخیم‌ شدگی بیش از 50 کیلومتر پوسته شرایط لازم برای ذوب‌بخشی رسوب­های پوسته‌ای را فراهم می‌سازد، است از این رو ریولیت‌های نوع S دهبید نه تنها بازتاب‌دهنده فرآیندهای ذوب‌بخشی پوسته‌ای در شرایط پسابرخوردی هستند، بلکه خود نیز ناشی از فرآیند برخورد–کوهزایی در جنوب پهنه سنندج–سیرجان محسوب می‌شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Petrogenetic Study of Rhyolites from the Dehbid Area (Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone) Evidence for Crustal Melting and Post-Orogenic Evolution

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Poosti
  • Azita Malekizadeh
  • Gholam Reza Ghadami
  • Asma Nazarinia
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Dahbid rhyolites in the southern Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone occur as small intrusive bodies with a subalkaline composition, high silica, low TiO2, Fe2O3t, and MgO, high differentiation index, and normative corundum >1%, reflecting a peraluminous S-type granite affinity. The presence of biotite, muscovite, sphene, apatite, and zircon together with low Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf ratios confirms a crustal magma source. Variations of Th and Th/U indicate an intermediate position between S- and I-type granites and partial melting of the middle to lower continental crust. REE patterns show LREE enrichment, lack of strong HREE depletion, and pronounced negative Eu anomalies, suggesting residual plagioclase in the source. Zircon saturation index indicates low melting temperatures (<800 °C) and pressures (<300 MPa) for sedimentary protoliths. These features resemble low-temperature peraluminous granites in high-pressure post-collisional orogens and represent crustal melting in a thickened continental setting.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Dehbid rhyolites
  • Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone
  • Collisional orogenic setting
  • Zircon saturation index
  • Peraluminous
  • S-type rhyolite
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