کانی‌شناسی، زمین شیمی و بافت‌شناسی سنگ‌های پرلیتی - اسفرولیتی گلومک، جنوب غرب کرمان: شواهدی از فرآیندهای واشیشه‌ای شدن در محیط‌ غیردریایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

سنگ­های پرلیتی- اسفرولیتی گلومک با سن میوسن، در بخش جنوبی مجموعه ماگمایی ارومیه- دختر شامل درشت بلور­های پلاژیوکلاز، بیوتیت، کلینوپیروکسن و آمفیبول هستند. آنها انواع بافت­های ناشی از واشیشه­ای شدن را متناسب با تغییرات دمایی و حضور سیال­ها نشان می­دهند، به طوری که در بالاترین دما، بافت­های پرلیتی طی فرایند آبگیری و انبساط سریع تشکیل شده و در ادامه با کاهش دما، عوارض متعددی شامل بافت حبابی، اسفرولیت­های منفرد و اسفرولیت­های خوشه­ای شکل گرفته­اند. سرانجام در پایین­ترین دما، رشد بلورهای رشته­ای و گسترش بافت جریان نواری رخ داده است. همه این بافت­ها منجر به گسترش روزافزون نهان­بلورها تا ریزبلورها و حذف تدریجی شیشه شده است. پراش پرتوی ایکس (XRD) وجود کانی‌های پلاژیوکلاز، فلدسپار پتاسیم، کریستوبالیت و دیوپسید را در این سنگ­ها تأیید می‌کند. بر اساس بررسی­های زمین­شیمیایی، این سنگ‌ها دارای ترکیب ریولیتی، نیمه قلیایی و ماهیت متاآلومین هستند. به نظر می­رسد که سنگ­های مورد بررسی همه دارای خاستگاه یکسان بوده و طی فرآیند آبگیری و واشیشه­ای شدن جریان­های آذرآواری در محیطی غیردریایی رخ داده باشند. ترکیب شیمیایی این سنگ‌ها شبیه سایر پرلیت‌های صنعتی جهان است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mineralogy, geochemistry, and textural analysis of Galumak perlitic-spherulitic rocks, southwest of Kerman: Evidence of devitrification processes in non-marine environment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Serveh Zarei
  • Sara Dargahi
  • Mohsen Arvin
  • Alireza Shaker
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman
چکیده [English]

The Miocene perlitic-spherulitic rocks of Galumak, located in the southern part of Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic assemblage, are characterized by the presence of phenocrysts such as plagioclase, biotite, clinopyroxene, and amphibole. These rocks exhibit various textures resulting from devitrification processes, which are influenced by temperature variations and the presence of fluids. At the highest temperatures, perlitic textures are formed during rapid hydration and expansion processes. As the temperature decreases, a range of features emerges, including lithophysae, isolated spherulites, and clustered spherulites. Ultimately, the growth of fibrous crystals and the development of banded flow textures are observed at the lowest temperatures. All these textures contribute to the progressive development of cryptocrystalline to microcrystalline textures, accompanied by the gradual elimination of glass. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the presence of minerals such as plagioclase, K-feldspar, cristobalite, and diopside in these rocks. Geochemical studies reveal that these rocks exhibit a rhyolitic composition, classified as subalkaline, and display a metaluminous nature. It is inferred that the studied rocks have similar origin and occurred during the hydration and devitrification processes of pyroclastic flows in a non-marine environment. Notably, the chemical composition of these rocks is comparable to other industrial perlite deposits worldwide.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • perlite
  • spherulite
  • lithophysae
  • X-ray diffraction (XRD)
  • Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic assemblage
  • Kerman
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