بررسی زمین‌شیمی عناصر اصلی، کمیاب و خاکی نادر در پهنه‌های دگرسانی و کانه‌زایی گرمابی منطقه تازه‌کند، شمال‌شرق زنجان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم زمین، دانشکده علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

گستره معدنی تازه­کند به عنوان بخشی از کمربند فلززایی طارم- هشتجین در45 کیلومتری شمال­شرق شهرستان زنجان، شمال­غرب ایران واقع است. بر پایه بررسی­های صحرایی، سنگ­نگاری و زمین­شیمی، ترکیب سنگ­شناسی توده­های نفوذی آن از کوارتزمونزونیت، مونزونیت، مونزودیوریت تا گابرودیوریت متغیر است و ترکیب واحدهای آتشفشانی آن در گستره تراکی آندزیت، آندزیت تا آندزیت بازالتی قرار دارد. رسم نمودارهای شاخص دگرسانی ایشیکاوا (AI)، شاخص کلریت-کربنات-پیریت (CCPI) به نام نمودار جعبه­ای دگرسانی و شاخص دگرسانی شیمیایی (CIA)، انواع اصلی دگرسانی­ها و شدت آنها را در این منطقه نشان داده است. بررسی تهی­شدگی و غنی­شدگی عناصر با توجه به عامل غنی­شدگی در پهنه­های دگرسانی و کانه­زایی نشان دهنده نقش دمای بالا و pH پایین محلول­های دگرسان کننده بوده که عامل مهمی در تجزیه کانی­هایی چون پلاژیوکلاز، فلدسپار قلیایی و کانی­های فرومنیزین و خروج اکسیدهای K2O، Na2O و CaO است. الگوی کلی توزیع عناصر خاکی نادر (REE) به هنجار شده نسبت به کندریت و گوشته اولیه در توده­های نفوذی و واحدهای آتشفشانی دگرسان شده و به نسبت سالم (به عنوان سنگ­های میزبان) یک شیب منفی مشخص و غنی­شدگی از عناصر خاکی نادر سبک (LREE) و عناصر سنگ دوست درشت یون (LILE) و تهی شدگی از عناصر خاکی نادر سنگین (HREE) و عناصر با شدت میدان بالا (HFSE) طی فرآیند دگرسانی را نشان می­دهد. بی­هنجاری­های Eu، Ce و Eu/Eu*)، Ce/Ce* وPr/Pr*) در کانسنگ­ها بهمراه سنگ میزبان سالم و دگرسان شده بررسی شده­اند. از بررسی تغییرات عناصر خاکی نادر و الگوی توزیع بهنجار شده آن­ها می­توان گفت که هر نوع دگرسانی شرایط فیزیکوشیمیایی ویژه خود را داشته که ناشی از عملکرد تزریق چند باره سیال گرمابی طی هر دو فرآیند درونزاد و برونزاد است. فرآیندهای درونزاد نسبت به فرآیندهای برونزاد نقش بسیار مهم و برجسته­ای در گسترش و تکامل پهنه­های دگرسانی گستره معدنی تازه­کند داشته­اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Geochemistry of the major, trace and rare earth elements in the hydrothermal alteration and the mineralization zones at Tazehkand area, Northeast of Zanjan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohreh Jabbarzadeh
  • Kamal Siahcheshm
  • Ali Asghar Calagari
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Tazekand mineralization zones, as a part of Tarom-Hashtjin metallogenic belt, is located about 45 km northeast of Zanjan city, NW Iran. Based on field study, petrography, and geochemical investigations, the lithologic composition of the intrusive rocks in the area varies from monzonite, diorite, granodiorite to gabbro, and volcanic units ranging from trachy-andesite, andesite to basaltic andesite. Delineation of diagrams of the Ishikawa alteration index (AI), chlorite-carbonate-pyrite index (CCPI) (known as alteration box plot), and the chemical alteration index (CIA) illustrated the main types and intensity of alterations in this area. Consideration of depletion and enrichment of elements by noting the enrichment factor in the alteration and mineralization zones indicates the role of high-temperature and low-pH of the altering fluids which acted as an important factor in decomposition of minerals such as plagioclase, alkali feldspar, and ferromagnesian and absence of K2O, Na2O and CaO components. The general pattern of REE distribution normalized by both chondrite and primitive mantle in altered and relatively fresh granitoid and volcanic units (as host rocks), shows a conspicuous negative slope and enrichment in LREE and large ion lithospheric elements (LILE) and depletion in HREE and high field strength elements (HFSE) during the alteration processes. Ce, Eu and Pr anomalies (Eu/Eu*, Ce/Ce*, Pr/Pr*) were investigated in ores along with fresh and altered host rocks. What can be inferred from these studies are that the changes in the behavior of rare earth elements as well as their normalized distribution pattern for each type of alteration has its own peculiar physicochemical conditions influenced by the action of multiple injections of hydrothermal fluids during both hypogene and supergene processes. The supergene processes compared to hypogene processes played very important and prominent role in development and evolution of the alteration zones in the Tazekand mineralization area

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geochemistry
  • rare earth elements
  • Enrichment factor
  • hydrothermal alteration index
  • Eu and Ce anomalies
  • Tazehkand
  • Zanjan

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 فروردین 1403
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