کانی‌شناسی باطله‌های کارخانه فرآوری سنگ آهن چادرملو از دیدگاه فرآوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

2 دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 مدیرعامل شرکت توسعه معادن میراث کویر، تهران، ایران

چکیده

باطله­ کارخانه فرآوری سنگ‌آهن چادرملو به روش مغناطیسی پس از پرعیارسازی به روش شناورسازی منجر به کنسانتره آپاتیت می­شود که پس از انحلال برای تولید اسید فسفریک استفاده می­گردد. تجزیه محلول واحد تولید اسید فسفریک نشان می‌دهد که محلول دارای ppm 75 آرسنیک و حدود ppm 313 عناصر خاکی نادر است. به ‌منظور شناسایی خاستگاه آرسنیک و عناصر خاکی نادر، باطله جداکننده مغناطیسی شدت بالا به‌ عنوان خوراک شناورسازی، کنسانتره و باطله شناورسازی به روش­های پراش پرتوی ایکس (XRD)، طیف­سنجی­های فلئورسانس پرتوی ایکس (XRF)، پلاسمای جفت شده القایی (ICP) و با میکروسکوپ‌های الکترونی مجهز به طیف­سنج­های تفکیک طول موج پرتوی ایکس (WDX) و پراکندگی انرژی پرتوی ایکس (EDX) از نظر کانی‌شناسی بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کنسانتره دارای 6/35 درصد P < sub>2O5 بوده و بیشتر از کانی فلوئور آپاتیت و مقدار کمی دولومیت و کلسیت تشکیل شده است. طیف­سنجی ICP < /span> نشان داد که مقدار آرسنیک و عناصر خاکی نادر در کنسانتره آپاتیت به ترتیب حدود ppm 345 و بیش از ppm 5000 است. با بررسی­های میکروسکوپ الکترونی مشخص گردید که بخشی از عناصر خاکی نادر به ‌صورت جایگزینی کلسیم در شبکه فلوئور آپاتیت قرار گرفته­اند‌ و بخش دیگر به ‌صورت کانی مونازیت با اندازه کمتر از ٢٠ میکرون هستند. همچنین بر اساس این بررسی­ها، به نظر می‌رسد که آرسنیک به‌ صورت جانشینی فسفر در شبکه کانی­های فلوئور آپاتیت و مونازیت حضور دارد؛ از این رو، بازیابی عناصر خاکی نادر و آرسنیک پیش از انحلال کنسانتره آپاتیت ممکن­ نبوده و ضروری است که نخست عناصر خاکی نادر از محلول به دست آمده از انحلال کنسانتره آپاتیت با یک روش مناسب بازیابی شده و سپس آرسنیک به روش ترسیب از محلول جدا شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mineralogical studies of tailings of Chadormalu iron ore processing plant from mineral processing viewpoint

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amirhossein Jooypa 1
  • Mehdi Irannajad 1
  • Akbar Mehdilo 2
  • Reza Kouchakzadeh 3
  • Shiva Nazari 1
1 Department of Mining Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran
2 Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil
3 Managing director at Mirase Kavir Company, Tehran
چکیده [English]

The tailings come from Chadormalu iron ore processing plant is beneficiated by flotation method. The obtained apatite concentrate is dissolved in acidic media and used to produce phosphoric acid. The chemical analysis shows that the phosphoric acid solution contains 75 ppm of arsenic (As) and 313 ppm of Rare Earth Elements (REE). To identify the source of As and REE, the samples taken from flotation feed (tailings of high intensity magnetic separator), flotation tailings, and apatite concentrate were characterized mineralogically using XRD, XRF, ICP-OES, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with EDX and WDX. The results revealed that the concentrate containing 35.6% P < sub>2O5 is mainly composed of fluorapatite mineral and a small amount of dolomite and calcite. ICP analysis showed that the As and REE contents in the apatite concentrate are 345 ppm and more than 5000 ppm, respectively. Through the SEM studies, it was identified that some parts of REE have been placed in the fluorapatite lattice as substituting for calcium, and the other part is in the form of monazite minerals with dimensions finer than 20 microns. It was also revealed that As is probably substituted for phosphorus (P) in the lattice structure of fluorapatite and monazite minerals. Thus, it will not be possible to recover REE and As before dissolving the apatite concentrate. Therefore, REE must be recovered firstly from the solution by an appropriate method and then As to be separated from the solution by the precipitation method.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arsenic
  • rare earth elements
  • Phosphate
  • fluorapatite
  • monazite
  • phosphoric acid

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 اسفند 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 اردیبهشت 1403

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