کانه‌سازی و چگونگی پیدایش کانسنگ غیرسولفیدی سرب-روی (-مس) چاه میله (شمال‌شرق انارک)، ایران مرکزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زمین شیمی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه زمین‌‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

کانسار سرب-روی (-مس) چاه­میله با تناژ تقریبی یک میلیون تن و عیار 15/2 درصد سرب و روی در کمربند فلززایی یزد- انارک پهنه ایران مرکزی، واقع است. کانی­سازی سولفیدی اولیه شامل گالن، اسفالریت، کالکوپیریت و پیریت در واحد مرمر دولومیتی مجموعه چاه­گربه به سن تریاس میانی رخ داده است. ماده معدنی اغلب با بافت­های برشی، پرکننده فضای خالی، پراکنده و جانشینی شکل گرفته است. کانسنگ غیرسولفیدی کانسار چاه­میله در اثر اکسایش برونزاد کانی­های سولفیدی اولیه طی برهم­کنش­های پیچیده چون راندگی زمین­ساختی، گسترش کارست، تغییرات سطح ایستابی و هوازدگی، در شرایط آب هوای گرم و خشک تشکیل شده است. مهمترین کانی­های غیرسولفیدی کانسار چاه­میله سروزیت، همی­مورفیت، ولفنیت، میمتیت، اسمیت­زونیت، مالاکیت و اکسی- هیدروکسیدهای آهن هستند. در کانسار چاه­میله، تشکیل اسیدسولفوریک و در نتیجه کاهش pH با اکسایش پیریت و سایر کانی­های سولفیدی، افزایش فشار دی اکسید کربن (P < /i>CO2)  سیال­ها در اثر خنثی­سازی سیال­های اسیدی با سنگ میزبان کربناتی، آزاد­شدن یون­های سولفاتی و ته­نشینی اکسی- هیدروکسیدهای آهن نقش مهمی در تشکیل کانسنگ غیرسولفیدی دارند. در شرایط اسیدی موجود، فلز روی از منطقه اکسایش مهاجرت کرده و در مناطق دورتر به­صورت کانی­های کربناتی (چون اسمیت­زونیت و کمتر هیدروزنسیت با توجه به مقادیر P < /span>CO2(g)) ته­نشین شده، درحالی­که فلز سرب اغلب به­صورت سروزیت در منطقه اکسایش ته­نشین و یا به سطح آهن III اکسیدهای آبدار جذب شده است. براساس یافته­های زمین­شناسی، بافتی و کانی­شناسی، کانسنگ غیرسولفیدی چاه­میله را می­توان از گروه کانسارهای غیرسولفیدی برونزاد، زیررده کانسارهای جانشینی مستقیم (کانسنگ سرخ) در نظر گرفت.     

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mineralization and genesis of the Pb-Zn(-Cu) non-sulfide ore in Chah Mileh deposit (NE Anarak), Central Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behzad Mehrabi 1
  • Nafiseh Chaghaneh 1
  • Ebrahim Tale Fazel 2
1 Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Earth Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Chah Mileh Pb-Zn (-Cu) deposit is located in the Yazd-Anarak metallogenic belt, Central Iran. Primary sulfide mineralization (e.g., galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite and pyrite) formed within dolomitic marble unit of the Middle Triassic Chah Gorbeh complex. Mineral matter often occurs as, brecciaed, open-space filling, disseminated and replacement textures. The non-sulfide ore of the Chah Mileh deposit were formed by supergene oxidation of primary sulfide minerals during the complex interplay of tectonic uplift, karst development, changes in the water table, and weathering. Cerussite, hemimorphite, wulfenite, mimetite, smithsonite, malachite and iron oxy-hydroxides are the most non-sulfide ore minerals in the Chah Mileh deposit. In Chah Mileh deposit, the oxidation of pyrite and similar sulphides led to supply of sulphuric acid which resulting low-pH values and increasing P < /i>CO2 due to acid-neutralisation by host-rock carbonates; therefore liberation of sulphate ions and precipitation of iron oxy-hydroxides play an important role in the formation of non-sulphide ore. Under acidic conditions most of the zinc leaves the oxidation zone and precipitates as zinc carbonates (e.g., smithsonite and less hydrozincite, based on P < /i>CO2 values) in adjacent to the carbonate host rock, while most of the lead within the oxidation zone precipitates as cerussite and adsorbed by feoxyhydroxides. Based on geological, textural and mineralogical composition, the non-sulfide ore of the Chah Mileh belongs to supergene non-sulfide deposits and subtype of direct replacement deposits (red ore).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Zinc-lead deposits
  • non-sulfide
  • supergene
  • Central Iran
  • Anarak
  • Chah Mileh

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 مرداد 1401
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