Growth and characterization of PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal and wafer fabrication in the [001] crystallographic direction using Laue X-ray crystallography

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

faculty of Applied science, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

In this paper, PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal with the chemical composition of 24[Pb(Nb1/2In1/2)O3]-42[Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-34PbTiO3, with a diameter of 2 and a length of 8 cm was grown using the Bridgman growth method. Since the piezoelectric response of single crystals depends on their crystallographic orientation, the crystalography of single crystal ingots is of great importance. As grown single crystal ingot was completely investigated using X-ray diffraction by the Laue and XRD methods.The results showed that the obtained crystal was grown as a uniform single crystal along the [201] crystallographic direction. The appropriate rotation angles for manufacturing items along the preferred crystallographic direction [001] were extracted from the laue results, and single crystal pieces were cut from the ingot.The Curie temperature of the single crystal sample was 155 °C, which was extracted by measuring the dielectric constant curve as a function of temperature. The grown single crystal had a piezoelectric charge coefficient of 1090 pC/N, electromechanical coupling factor of 0.49, and mechanical quality factor of 135. The piezoelectric parameters of the grown single crystal have very large values ​​compared to conventional ceramics used in piezoelectric applications.

Keywords

References

[1]        Yazdanbakhsh M., Faizi N., Hosseini M., "Study of Microstructure of PiezoelectricsBaTiO, , PbTiO, and Pb(Ti,Zr,_,)O,Prepared by Solid Solution and Liquid Phase Methods," (in eng), Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy, Research vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 145-154, 1995.
[2]        Samet M., Hosseini M., Tajabor N., "Decreasing Sintering Temprature of PZT Ceramic for Improving Multilayers Devices," ijcmir, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 107-116, 2002.
[3]        Khorrami g., Mousavi M., "Effect of gelatin on structural properties of lead-free piezoelectric (K0.5Na0.5) NbO3 nanopowders synthesized by a modified sol-gel route in gelatin media," ijcmir, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 647-654, 2017.
[4] Li   F., Zhang S., Xu Z., Wei X., Luo J., Shrout T. R., "Temperature independent shear piezoelectric response in relaxor-PbTiO3 based crystals," Applied physics letters, vol. 97, no. 25, 2010.
[5]        Sun E., Cao W., "Relaxor-based ferroelectric single crystals: Growth, domain engineering, characterization and applications," Progress in materials science, vol. 65, pp. 124-210, 2014/08/01/ 2014.
[6] Qi   X., Sun E., Wang J., Zhang R., Bin Y., Cao W., "Electromechanical properties of Mn-doped Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics," Ceramics International, vol. 42, no. 14, pp. 15332-15337, 2016/11/01/ 2016.
[7]        Yang W., Li P., Wu S., Li F., Shen B., Zhai J., "A study on the relationship between grain size and electrical properties in (K, Na) NbO3‐based lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics," Advanced Electronic Materials, vol. 5, no. 12, p. 1900570, 2019.
[8]        Li S., Fu J., Zuo R., "Middle-low temperature sintering and piezoelectric properties of CuO and Bi2O3 doped PMS-PZT based ceramics for ultrasonic motors,", Ceramics International, vol. 47, no. 14, pp. 20117-20125, 2021/07/15/ 2021.
[9]        Mrlík M., et al., "Comparative Study of PVDF Sheets and Their Sensitivity to Mechanical Vibrations: The Role of Dimensions, Molecular Weight, Stretching and Poling,", Nanomaterials, vol. 11, no. 7. doi: 10.3390/nano11071637.
[10]      Chang W. Y., McGowan P., Tian J., Wu H., Kreager B. C., Jiang X., "High Performance 60 MHz PMN-PT Single Crystal Based 1-3 Composite for Medical Ultrasound Application," in 2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2023, pp. 1-3.
[11]      Chen Z., et al., "Bridgman growth and electrical properties of Nd-doped PMN–PT single crystal with ultrahigh piezoelectricity," CrystEngComm, 10.1039/D1CE01116B vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 837-845, 2022.
[12]      Deng C., et al., "Reporting Excellent Transverse Piezoelectric and Electro-Optic Effects in Transparent Rhombohedral PMN-PT Single Crystal by Engineered Domains," Advanced Materials, vol. 33, no. 43, p. 2103013, 2021/10/01 2021.
[13]      Tian F., Liu Y., Ma R., Li F., Xu Z., Yang Y., "Properties of PMN-PT single crystal piezoelectric material and its application in underwater acoustic transducer," Applied Acoustics, vol. 175, p. 107827, 2021/04/01/ 2021.
[14]      Wang D., Cao M., Zhang S., "Phase diagram and properties of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 polycrystalline ceramics," Journal of the European Ceramic Society, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 433-439, 2012/02/01/ 2012.
[15]      Bernal A., Zhang S., Bassiri-Gharb N., "Effects of orientation and composition on the extrinsic contributions to the dielectric response of relaxor-ferroelectric single crystals," Applied physics letters, vol. 95, no. 14, p. 142911, 2009.
[16]      Park S.E., Shrout T. R., "Ultrahigh strain and piezoelectric behavior in relaxor based ferroelectric single crystals," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 82, no. 4, pp. 1804-1811, 1997.
[17]      Lin D., Li Z., Li F., Xu Z., Yao X., "Characterization and piezoelectric thermal stability of PIN–PMN–PT ternary ceramics near the morphotropic phase boundary," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 489, no. 1, pp. 115-118, 2010/01/07/ 2010.
[18]      Li Z., et al., "High composition uniformity of 4″ of PIN-PMN-PT single crystals grown by the modified Bridgman method," Journal of Crystal Growth, vol. 468, pp. 331-334, 2017/06/15/ 2017.
[19]      Guo H., Song K., Li Z., Fan S., Xu Z., "5″ diameter PIN-PMN-PT crystal growth by the Bridgman method," Journal of Advanced Dielectrics, vol. 10, no. 03, p. 2050001, 2020/06/01 2020.
[20]      Song K., et al., "Composition and electrical properties characterization of a 5” diameter PIN-PMN-PT single crystal by the modified Bridgman method," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 851, p. 156145, 2021/01/15/ 2021.
[21]      Zawilski K. T., et al., "Segregation during the vertical Bridgman growth of lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate single crystals," Journal of Crystal Growth, vol. 258, no. 3, pp. 353-367, 2003/11/01/ 2003.
[22]      Yang Y., et al., "Elimination of pyrochlore phase in high-concentration Sm3+-doped PMN-PT piezoelectric ceramics by excessive MgO," Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 105, no. 6, pp. 4180-4190, 2022/06/01 2022.
[23]      Lines M. E., Glass A.M., “Principles and Applications of Ferroelectrics and Related Materials”, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1977.
[24]      Papi H., Ahmadvand H., Shahbaz M. T., Mokhtari S., Khondabi M., Kameli P., "Dielectric and magnetoelectric properties of (BiBa)(FeTiZn) O3/CoFe2O4 lead-free particulate composites," Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 521, p. 167484, 2021/03/01/ 2021.
[25]      Zhou J.S., et al., "Multi-scale thermal stability of niobate-based lead-free piezoceramics with large piezoelectricity," Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 10.1039/C5TC01357G vol. 3, no. 34, pp. 8780-8787, 2015.
Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy
Volume 33, Issue 3 - Serial Number 99
October 2025
Pages 603-616

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 27 January 2025
  • Revise Date: 07 March 2025
  • Accept Date: 16 April 2025

Share

How to cite

Statistics