The copper deposit of the Zamin Hossein district, Dehaj- Sarduiyeh metallogenic belt, SE Iran: Constraints on ore mineralization, alteration, and fluid inclusions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Abstract

The Zamin Hossein copper deposit, as a part of the Dehaj- Sarduiyeh metallogenic belt, is located about 170 km southeast of Kerman city. This deposit is accompanied by Eocene volcanic (andesite, andesi-basalt and pyroclastic) and Eocene intrusive body (granodiorite and granite). The propylitic, sericitic, argillic-sericitic and silicic alterations are associated with this deposit. Chalcopyrite and pyrite are the most important hypogene sulfide minerals which are accompanied by supergene mineral assemblages such as goethite, hematite, limonite, malachite, and azurite. The hypogene minerals show generally vein-veinlet, stockwork and crustiform textures. The microthermometric studies in quartz crystalscogenetic with the ore minerals revealed four types of fluid inclusions on the basis of phase content: 1-( L-V), 2-(L-V-S), 3-(V-L), and 4-(V). The results of microthermometric analyses revealed that the fluid inclusions have a wide range of Th (170°C to 530°C). The L-V-S type fluid inclusions displayed Th and salinity ranges of 190-473°C and 31.4-55.6 wt% NaCl eq., respectively. The liquid-rich 2-phase inclusions (L-V) show salinities within the range of 1.74-6.45 wt% NaCl eq. Based upon microthermometric data, boiling, mixing, and simple cooling of the fluids were the essential mechanisms in deposition and evolution of this deposit. The ore-forming fluids were probably of magmatic and mixed magmatic-meteoric sources. According to the structural and textural aspects, alteration and mineralization of mineral assemblages and microthermometric data, the Zamin Hossein ore deposit can be categorized as porphyry copper-type.
 

Keywords

References

  1. [1] Stocklin J., "Structural history and tectonics of Iran: A review", Bulletin-American Association of Petroleum Geologists 52 (1985) 1258-1299.
  2. [1] Stocklin J., "Structural history and tectonics of Iran: A review", Bulletin-American Association of Petroleum Geologists 52 (1985) 1258-1299.
  3. [2] Ghorbani M., "The economic geology in Iran: Mineral deposits and natural resources", Springer Science Business Media Dordrecht (2013) 1-581. [DOI:10.1007/978-94-007-5625-0_1]
  4. [2] Ghorbani M., "The economic geology in Iran: Mineral deposits and natural resources", Springer Science Business Media Dordrecht (2013) 1-581. [DOI:10.1007/978-94-007-5625-0_1]
  5. [3] Shafiei B., "Two distinct occurrences in Palaeogene magmatic of Cenozoic magmatic arc of the Kerman: Geochemical characteristics and rock-forming processes", Journal of Sciences, University of Tehran 36 (2010) 137-156 (in Persian).
  6. [3] Shafiei B., "Two distinct occurrences in Palaeogene magmatic of Cenozoic magmatic arc of the Kerman: Geochemical characteristics and rock-forming processes", Journal of Sciences, University of Tehran 36 (2010) 137-156 (in Persian).
  7. [4] Salehi Tinooni M., Abedini A., Calagari A. A., "Investigation of mineralization, REE geochemistry, and fluid inclusions sudies of the Shalang vein-type polymetallic ore deposit, southwest of Kerman", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 27 (2019) 767-780 (in Persian). [DOI:10.29252/ijcm.27.4.767]
  8. [4] Salehi Tinooni M., Abedini A., Calagari A. A., "Investigation of mineralization, REE geochemistry, and fluid inclusions sudies of the Shalang vein-type polymetallic ore deposit, southwest of Kerman", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 27 (2019) 767-780 (in Persian). [DOI:10.29252/ijcm.27.4.767]
  9. [5] Atapour H., Aftabi A., "Geochemistry and metallogeny of calc-alkaline, shoshonitic and adakitic igneous rocks associated with porphyry Cu-Mo and vein-type deposits of Dehaj-Sarduieh volcanoplutonic belt, Kerman", Iranian Scientific Quarterly Journal, Geosciences 18 (2009) 161-172 (in Persian).
  10. [5] Atapour H., Aftabi A., "Geochemistry and metallogeny of calc-alkaline, shoshonitic and adakitic igneous rocks associated with porphyry Cu-Mo and vein-type deposits of Dehaj-Sarduieh volcanoplutonic belt, Kerman", Iranian Scientific Quarterly Journal, Geosciences 18 (2009) 161-172 (in Persian).
  11. [6] Salehi Tinooni M., Abedini A., Calagari A. A., "Type of mineralization and studies of fluid inclusions of the Bolboli2 copper ore deposit, northeast of Sirjan, SE Iran", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 28 (2020) 329-340 (in Persian). [DOI:10.29252/ijcm.28.2.329]
  12. [6] Salehi Tinooni M., Abedini A., Calagari A. A., "Type of mineralization and studies of fluid inclusions of the Bolboli2 copper ore deposit, northeast of Sirjan, SE Iran", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 28 (2020) 329-340 (in Persian). [DOI:10.29252/ijcm.28.2.329]
  13. [7] Atapour H., "Petrography and geochemistry of shoshonites of Ghode-e-Biabani area of the Bardsir", MSc Thesis, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran (1993) 1-294 (in Persian).
  14. [7] Atapour H., "Petrography and geochemistry of shoshonites of Ghode-e-Biabani area of the Bardsir", MSc Thesis, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran (1993) 1-294 (in Persian).
  15. [8] Aftabi A., Atapour H., "Regional aspects of shoshonitic volcanism in Iran", Episodes 23 (2000) 119- 125.
  16. [8] Aftabi A., Atapour H., "Regional aspects of shoshonitic volcanism in Iran", Episodes 23 (2000) 119- 125.
  17. [9] Maani Joe M., Mostaghimi M., Abdollahi Risse M., Sepahi A. A., "Systematic studies of stable sulfur isotopes and fluids involved in different vein groups of Sarcheshmeh Porphyry copper deposit, based on new data", Iranian Journal of Economic Geology 4 (2013) 217-239.
  18. [9] Maani Joe M., Mostaghimi M., Abdollahi Risse M., Sepahi A. A., "Systematic studies of stable sulfur isotopes and fluids involved in different vein groups of Sarcheshmeh Porphyry copper deposit, based on new data", Iranian Journal of Economic Geology 4 (2013) 217-239.
  19. [10] Hosseini M., Ghaderi M., Ghaderi M., Alirezaei S., "Types of vein-veinlet systems and their relationship with mineralization in the Takht-e-Gonbad ore deposit, northeast of Sirjan", 15th Symposium of Iranian Geological Association, Teacher Training University of Tehran (2011).
  20. [10] Hosseini M., Ghaderi M., Ghaderi M., Alirezaei S., "Types of vein-veinlet systems and their relationship with mineralization in the Takht-e-Gonbad ore deposit, northeast of Sirjan", 15th Symposium of Iranian Geological Association, Teacher Training University of Tehran (2011).
  21. [11] Salehi Tinooni M., Abedini A., Calagari A. A., "Investigation of mineralization, alteration, and fluid inclusions of the Takht-e-Gonbad copper deposit (northeast of Sirjan, SE Iran)", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 29 (2021) 35-48 (in Persian). [DOI:10.52547/ijcm.29.1.35]
  22. [11] Salehi Tinooni M., Abedini A., Calagari A. A., "Investigation of mineralization, alteration, and fluid inclusions of the Takht-e-Gonbad copper deposit (northeast of Sirjan, SE Iran)", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 29 (2021) 35-48 (in Persian). [DOI:10.52547/ijcm.29.1.35]
  23. [12] Nedimovic R., "Eploration for ore deposits in Kerman region", Geological Survey of Iran, Report No.53 (1973) 274p.
  24. [12] Nedimovic R., "Eploration for ore deposits in Kerman region", Geological Survey of Iran, Report No.53 (1973) 274p.
  25. [13] Khaleghi M., Abedini A., Ranjbar, H., Calagari A. A., "Synergetic use of the Sentinel-2, Aster, and Landsat-8 data for hydrothermal alteration and iron oxide minerals mapping in a mine scale", Acta Geodynamica et Geomaterialia 17 (2020) 311-328. [DOI:10.13168/AGG.2020.0023]
  26. [13] Khaleghi M., Abedini A., Ranjbar, H., Calagari A. A., "Synergetic use of the Sentinel-2, Aster, and Landsat-8 data for hydrothermal alteration and iron oxide minerals mapping in a mine scale", Acta Geodynamica et Geomaterialia 17 (2020) 311-328. [DOI:10.13168/AGG.2020.0023]
  27. [14] Khaleghi M., Abedini A., Ranjbar, H., Calagari A. A., "Mineralogy and trace elements geochemistry of argillic alteration zone: the Zamin Hossein district, Kerman Province, SE Iran", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 28 (2020) 933-948 (in Persian). [DOI:10.52547/ijcm.28.4.933]
  28. [14] Khaleghi M., Abedini A., Ranjbar, H., Calagari A. A., "Mineralogy and trace elements geochemistry of argillic alteration zone: the Zamin Hossein district, Kerman Province, SE Iran", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 28 (2020) 933-948 (in Persian). [DOI:10.52547/ijcm.28.4.933]
  29. [15] Djokovic I., Cvetic S., Dimitrijevic M. D., "Geological Map of Dehaj", In Geological Survey of Iran Map Series 6951, Scale 1:100000.
  30. [15] Djokovic I., Cvetic S., Dimitrijevic M. D., "Geological Map of Dehaj", In Geological Survey of Iran Map Series 6951, Scale 1:100000.
  31. [16] Whitney D. L., Evans B. W., "Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals", American Mineralogist 95 (2010) 185-187. [DOI:10.2138/am.2010.3371]
  32. [16] Whitney D. L., Evans B. W., "Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals", American Mineralogist 95 (2010) 185-187. [DOI:10.2138/am.2010.3371]
  33. [17] Bodnar R. J., "Revised equation and table for determining the freezing point depression of H2O-NaCl soulations", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 57 (1993) 683-684. [DOI:10.1016/0016-7037(93)90378-A]
  34. [17] Bodnar R. J., "Revised equation and table for determining the freezing point depression of H2O-NaCl soulations", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 57 (1993) 683-684. [DOI:10.1016/0016-7037(93)90378-A]
  35. [18] Ahmad S. N., Rose A. W., "Fluid inclusion in porphyry and skarn ore at New Miexico", Economic Geology 75 (1980) 229-250. [DOI:10.2113/gsecongeo.75.2.229]
  36. [18] Ahmad S. N., Rose A. W., "Fluid inclusion in porphyry and skarn ore at New Miexico", Economic Geology 75 (1980) 229-250. [DOI:10.2113/gsecongeo.75.2.229]
  37. [19] Roedder E., "Fluid inclusion", Mineralogy Society of America, Review in mineralogy 12 (1984) 1-644. [DOI:10.2465/minerj.12.1]
  38. [19] Roedder E., "Fluid inclusion", Mineralogy Society of America, Review in mineralogy 12 (1984) 1-644. [DOI:10.2465/minerj.12.1]
  39. [20] Hajalilou B., Aghazadeh M., "Fluid inclusion studies on quartz veinlets at the Ali Javad porphyry copper-gold deposit, Arasbaran, Northwestern Iran", Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 4 (2016) 80-91. [DOI:10.4236/gep.2016.46007]
  40. [20] Hajalilou B., Aghazadeh M., "Fluid inclusion studies on quartz veinlets at the Ali Javad porphyry copper-gold deposit, Arasbaran, Northwestern Iran", Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 4 (2016) 80-91. [DOI:10.4236/gep.2016.46007]
  41. [21] Hosseinzadeh M. R., Moayyed M., Maghfouri S., Alipour S., Hajalilou B., "Geology, alteration, mineralization and fluid inclusion studies of Baloojeh deposit; Typical Cu-Mo porphyry deposit in Arasbaran Magmatic Zone", Iranian Scientific Quarterly Journal, Geosciences 95 (2015) 295-306 (in Persian).
  42. [21] Hosseinzadeh M. R., Moayyed M., Maghfouri S., Alipour S., Hajalilou B., "Geology, alteration, mineralization and fluid inclusion studies of Baloojeh deposit; Typical Cu-Mo porphyry deposit in Arasbaran Magmatic Zone", Iranian Scientific Quarterly Journal, Geosciences 95 (2015) 295-306 (in Persian).
  43. [22] Mohammadi Nickname H., Taghipour N., "Physico-chemical evolution of hydrothermal fluid in Sara porphyry copper deposit (Perkam), Kerman province", Iranian Journal of Advanced Applied Geology 1 (2011) 11-24.
  44. [22] Mohammadi Nickname H., Taghipour N., "Physico-chemical evolution of hydrothermal fluid in Sara porphyry copper deposit (Perkam), Kerman province", Iranian Journal of Advanced Applied Geology 1 (2011) 11-24.
  45. [23] Calagari A. A., "Fluid inclusion studies in quartz veinlets in the porphyry copper deposit at Sungun, East-Azarbaidjan, Iran", Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 23 (2004) 179-189. [DOI:10.1016/S1367-9120(03)00085-3]
  46. [23] Calagari A. A., "Fluid inclusion studies in quartz veinlets in the porphyry copper deposit at Sungun, East-Azarbaidjan, Iran", Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 23 (2004) 179-189. [DOI:10.1016/S1367-9120(03)00085-3]
  47. [24] Alirezaei A., Aliyani F., Moradian., "The study of petrography, geochemical characteristics and tectono magmatic setting of Meiduk porphyry copper deposit, Shahrebabak-Kerman", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 20 (2012) 441-454.
  48. [24] Alirezaei A., Aliyani F., Moradian., "The study of petrography, geochemical characteristics and tectono magmatic setting of Meiduk porphyry copper deposit, Shahrebabak-Kerman", Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 20 (2012) 441-454.
  49. [25] Shapherd T. J., Rankin A. H., Alderton D. H. M., "A practical guide to fluid inclusion studies", Blackie, Glasgow (1985) 1-239.
  50. [25] Shapherd T. J., Rankin A. H., Alderton D. H. M., "A practical guide to fluid inclusion studies", Blackie, Glasgow (1985) 1-239.
  51. [26] Roedder E., Bodnar R. J., "Geologic pressure determinations from fluid inclusions studies", Earth and Planetary Science Letters 8 (1980) 263-301. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.ea.08.050180.001403]
  52. [26] Roedder E., Bodnar R. J., "Geologic pressure determinations from fluid inclusions studies", Earth and Planetary Science Letters 8 (1980) 263-301. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.ea.08.050180.001403]

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 18 May 2021
  • Revise Date: 20 July 2021
  • Accept Date: 28 July 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics