Type of mineralization and studies of fluid inclusions of the Bolboli2 copper ore deposit, northeast of Sirjan, SE Iran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Abstract

The Bolboli2 copper ore deposit is located about 110 km southwest of Kerman and lies in the Dehaj-Sarduieh metallogenic belt (Kerman Cenozoic Mamatic Arc, KCMA). This ore deposit is hosted by the Eocene extrusive igneous rocks (tuff, agglomerate, andesite, and dacite) and the Oligo-Miocene intrusive igneous body (granodiorite). These rocks are host the propylitic, phyllic, and silicic alteration zones (product of the mineralization fluids). Hypogene mineralization was dominant and occurs mainly as stockwork vein-veinlets and disseminate (chalcopyrite, pyrite, and magnetite). This mineralization is overprinted by supergene assemblages such as hematite, goethite, malachite, and azurite at superficial part of ore deposit. The hypogene minerals show generally vein-veinlet, stockwork, brecciated, granular, and crustiform textures. Microthermometric studies in quartz crystals cogenetic with the ore minerals reveal 4 types (1) L-V, (2) L-V-S, (3) V-L, and (4) V fluid inclusion. Study of fluid inclusions display a Th range of 190-427ºC. The L-V-S fluid inclusions were homogenized with halite disappearance with the Ts(NaCl) ranging from  213ºC to 425ºC which corresponds with salinities within the range of 32-50 wt% NaCl equivalent. The liquid-rich 2-phase inclusions
(L-V) show salinities within the range of 0.6-10 wt% NaCl equivalent. Based on microthermometric data, boiling, mixing, and simple cooling of the ore-bearing fluids were the essential mechanisms in deposition and evolution of this ore deposit. The ore-forming fluids were probably of magmatic and mixed magmatic-meteoric sources. The geological setting, structural and textural aspects, alteration and mineralization of mineral assemblages, as well as microthermometric data show that the Bolboli2 ores can be categorized as porphyry copper-type ore deposit.

Keywords

References

[1] Ghorbani M., “The economic Geology in Iran: Mineral Deposits and Natural Resources”, Springer Science Business Media, Dordrecht (2013) 1-581.

[2] Shafiei B., “Two distinct occurrences in Palaeogene magmatic of Cenozoic magmatic arc of the Kerman: Geochemical characteristics and rock-forming processes”, Journal of Sciences, University of Tehran 36 (2010) 137-156 (in Persian).

[3] Dimitrijevic M. D., “1:100000 geological map of the Chahar Gonbad”, Geological Survey of Iran (1973).

[4] Atapour H., Aftabi A., “Geochemistry and metallogeny of calc-alkaline, shoshonitic and adakitic igneous rocks associated with porphyry Cu-Mo and vein type deposits of Dehaj-Sarduieh volcano-plutonic belt, Kerman”, Geosciences 18 (2009) 161-172 (in Persian).

[5] Atapour H., “Petrography and geochemistry of shoshonites of Ghode-e-Biabani area of the Bardsir”, MSc Thesis, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran (1993) 1-294 (in Persian).

[6] Aftabi A., Atapour H., “Regional aspects of shoshonitic volcanism in Iran”, Episodes 23 (2000) 119-125.

[7] Nedimovic R.,“Eploration for ore deposits in Kerman Region”, Geological Survey of Iran, Report No.53 (1973) 274p.

[8] Hosseini, M., Ghaderi, M., Alirezaei S., “Types of vein-veinlet systems and their relationship with mineralization in the Takht-e-Gonbad ore deposit, northeast of Sirjan", 15th Symposium of Iranian Geological Association, Teacher Training University of Tehran (2011).

[9] Chahar-Ghonbad Mining Company, “Geology and Semi-detailed explorations of the Bolboli ore deposit", (2010-2013) 1-200 (in Persian).

[10] Khan-Nazer N. H., “Geological map of the Chahar-Ghonbad (1:100000 scale)”, Geological Survey of Iran (1994).

[11] Fazlnia A., “Petrography and petrology of the Chahar-Ghonbad intrusive masses”, MSc Thesis, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran (2000) 1-180 (in Persian).

[12] Anssary A. H., Sheikh Zakariaii S. J., Dargahi S., Arvin M., “Petrology and Geochemical properties of the Granitoid Complex of the Chahar-Gonbad, Southeast Iran”, Open Journal of Geology 7 (2017) 847-858.

[13] Moeinvaziri H., Ahmadi, A., “Petrology and petrography of igneous rocks”, Publications of Teacher Training University of Tehran (2011) 1-547 (in Persian).

[14] Ishihara S.,“The Granitoid Series and Mineralization”, Economic Geology, 75Th Anniversary Volume (1981) 458-484.

[15] Shahabpour J., “Economic Geology”, Publications of Shahid Bahonar University of the Kerman (2005)1-544 (in Persian).

[16] Whitney D. W., Evans B. W., “Abbreviations for names of rock forming minerals”, American Mineralogis 95 (2010) 185-187.

[17] Shapherd T. J., Rankin A. H., Alderton D. H. M., “A practical guide to fluid inclusion studies”, Blackie, Glasgow (1985) 1-239.

[18] Simmonds V., Moazzen M., “Fluid inclusion studies on Cu-Mo-Au bearing quartz-sulfide veins and veinlets in Qarachilar area, Qaradagh Pluton (NW Iran)”, Periodico di Mineralogia 85 (2016) 261-276.

[19] Bodnar R. J., “Revised equation and table for determining the freezing point depression of H2O-NaCl soulations”, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 57 (1993) 683-684.

[20] Wilkinson J. J., “Fluid inclusion in hydrothermal ore deposits”, Lithos 55 (2001) 229-272.

[21] Hajalilou B., Aghazadeh M., “Fluid inclusion studies on quartz veinlets at the Ali Javad porphyry copper-gold deposit, Arasbaran, Northwestern Iran”, Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 4 (2016) 80-91.

[22] Calagari A. A., “Fluid inclusion studies in quartz veinlets in the porphyry copper deposit at Sungun, East-Azarbaidjan, Iran”, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 23 (2004) 179-189.

[23] Bodnar R. J., Lecumberrii Sanchez P., Moncada D., Steele-Maclnnis M., “Fluid inclusion in hydrothermal ore deposits”, Treatise on Geochemistry, Second Edition 13 (2014) 119-142.

[24] Ahmad S. N., Rose A. W., “Fluid inclusion in porphyry and skarn ore at New Miexico”, Economic Geology 75 (1980) 229-250.

[25] Roedder E., “Fluid inclusion”, Mineralogy Society of America, Review in mineralogy 12 (1984) 1-644.

[26] Roedder E., Bodnar R. J., “Geologic pressure determinations from fluid inclusions studies”, Earth and Planetary Science Letters 8 (1980) 263-301.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 12 July 2019
  • Revise Date: 25 July 2019
  • Accept Date: 14 September 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics