ویژگی‌های تکتونو-ماگمایی گابروهای قلیایی در شمال فتح‌آباد زرند (شمال غرب کرمان): بر پایه‌ی شیمی کانی پیروکسن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشگاه ولایت

چکیده

منطقه فتح‌آباد در شمال غربی شهرستان زرند (استان کرمان) در پهنه ساختاری ایران مرکزی و در قطعه پشت ‌بادام واقع است. توده‌های گابرویی متعدد با سن اردوویسین-سیلورین در سراسر این منطقه به درون واحدهای آتشفشانی-رسوبی سری ریزو تزریق شده است. این گابروها در اصل دربردارنده آمفیبول (کرسوتیت)، کلینوپیروکسن، پلاژیوکلاز و بیوتیت هستند. نتایج تجزیه ریزکاو الکترونی نشان می‌دهند که کلینوپیروکسن‌ها از نوع دیوپسید آلومینیوم‌دار بوده و دارای ماهیت قلیایی تا پرقلیایی هستند. محاسبات دما و فشارسنجی کلینوپیروکسن‌ها گستره دمایی حدود 1121 تا  °C 1184 و فشار 6 تا 11 کیلوبار را نشان می‌دهند. از نظر زمین‌ساختی، کلینوپیروکسن‌های مورد بررسی مشابه پیروکسن‌های بازالت‌های جزایر اقیانوسی بوده و به محیط‌های کافتی درون صفحه‌ای وابسته‌ هستند. گابروهای قلیایی فتح‌آباد مربوط به رخداد کافتش پالئوتتیس طی اردوویسین-سیلورین هستند که در پی تداوم تدریجی کشش پشت‌کمانی در کرانه شمالی ابرقاره گندوانا در منطقه جایگیری کرده‌اند.    

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Characteristics of tectono-magmatic alkali gabbros in northern Fathabad, Zarand (NW Kerman): based on the pyroxene mineral chemistry

نویسنده [English]

  • Maliheh Golestani
چکیده [English]

Fathabad area is located in northwest of the city of Zarand (Kerman province) in the Posht-e-Badam block of the central Iran structural zone. The Ordovician–Silurian gabbroic stocks have intruded into volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the Rizu series. The gabbros are mainly composed of clinopyroxene, kaersutite, plagioclase and biotite. Electron microprobe analyses demonstrate that the clinopyroxenes are aluminous diopside with alkaline-to-peralkaline affinity. Thermobarometry studies reveal a temperature ranging between 1121°C to 1184°C for the formation of clinopyroxene, in which the pressure varies from 6 to 11 kb. The chemical composition of clinopyroxene grains exhibit their association with oceanic island basalts that are related to intraplate rift environments. It seems that the Fathabad alkalic gabbroic stocks are related to the Ordovician–Silurian Paleo-Tethys rifting events that were emplaced during the back-arc extension in the northern margin of the Gondwana supercontinent.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gabbro
  • alkali
  • clinopyroxene
  • Mineral chemistry
  • Fathabad
  • Posht-e-Badam block
[1] Shafaii Moghadam H., Li X.H., Griffin W.L., Stern R.J., Thomsen T.B., Meinhold G., Aharipour R., OReilly S.Y., "Early Paleozoic tectonic reconstruction of Iran: tales from detrital zircon geochronology", Lithos 268-271 (2017) 87-101.

[2] Shafaii Moghadam H., Li X.H., Ling X.X., Stern R.J., Santos J.F., Meinhold G., Ghorbani Gh., Shahabi Sh., " Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of Late Carboniferous A-type granites and gabbronorites in NW Iran: geochronological and geochemical constraints", Lithos 216 (2014) 118–135.

[3] Shafaii Moghadam H., Li X.H., Ling X.X., Stern R.J., Kheder Z.M., Chiaradia M., Ghorbani Gh., Arai Sh., Tamura A., "Devonian to Permian evolution of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean: New evidence from U–Pb zircon dating and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes of the Darrehanjir–Mashhad ophiolites, NE Iran", Gondwana Research 28 (2015) 781–799.

[4] Shafaii Moghadam H., Khademi M., Hu Z., Stern R.J., Santos J.F., Wu Y., "Cadomian (Ediacaran–Cambrian) arc magmatism in the Chah Jam–Biarjmand metamorphic complex (Iran): Magmatism along the northern active margin of Gondwana", Gondwana Research 27 (2013) 439–452.

[5] Berberian M., King G.C.P., "Towards a paleogeography and tectonic evolution of Iran", Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 18 (1981) 210–265.

[6] Hassanzadeh J., Stockli D.F., Horton B.K., Axen G.J., Stockli L.D., Grove M., Schmitt A.K., Walker J.D., "U–Pb zircon geochronology of late Neoproterozoic–Early Cambrian granitoids in Iran: implications for paleogeography, magmatism, and exhumation history of Iranian basement", Tectonophysics 451 (2008) 71–96.

[7] Stampfli G.M., "Etude geologique generale de lʼElbourz oriental au S de Gonbad-e-Qabus, Iran N-E", Ph.D. thesis, Universite de Geneve, Geneve, Switzerland (1978) 329 p.

[8] Saccani E., Allahyari Kh., Rahimzadeh B., "Petrology and geochemistry of mafic magmatic rocks from the Sarve-Abad ophiolites (Kurdistan region, Iran): Evidence for interaction between MORB-type asthenosphere and OIB-type components in the southern Neo-Tethys Ocean", Tectonophysics 621 (2014) 132-147.

[9] Derakhshi M., Ghasemi H., Sahami T., "Geology and Petrology of the Soltan Maydan Basaltic Complex in North-Northeast of Shahrud, Eastern Alborz, North of Iran (in Persian)", Scientific Quarterly Journal, GEOSCIENCES 23 (2014) 63-76.

[10] Ghasemi H., "Investigation of Upper Precambrian -Lower Paleozoic Magmatism and Metamorphism in N & SE of Shahrood (Soltan Maidan Basaltic Suite & Biarjomand Metamorphic and Igneous Complex) (in Persian)", Iran National Science Foundation, Proposal No: 90004893 (2012).

[11] Ghasemi H., Derakhshi M., "Mineralogy, geochemistry and role of olivine mechanical separation in generation of Lower Paleozoic igneous rocks in Shirgesht area, NW of Tabas, Central Iran (in Persian)", Iranian journal of crystallography and mineralogy 16 (2008) 207-224.

[12] Ghasemi H., Kazemi Z., "Tectonic setting and source characteristics of the Abarsej Formation igneous rocks (Upper Ordovician), eastern Alborz, north of Shahrood (in Persian)", Iranian journal of crystallography and mineralogy 21 (2013) 319-330.

[13] Ghasemi H., Khanalizadeh A., "Toye-Darvar A-type granitoid, southwest of Damghan: Constraints on the Paleotethyan extensional basin of Lower Paleozoic’s in Alborz (in Persian)", Iranian journal of crystallography and mineralogy 20 (2013) 3-24.

[14] Saccani E., Azimzadeh Z., Dilek Y., Jahangiri A., "Geochronology and petrology of the Early Carboniferous Misho Mafic Complex (NW Iran), and implications for the melt volution of Paleo-Tethyan rifting in Western Cimmeria", Lithos 162–163 (2013) 264–278.

[15] Alavi M., "Tectonic map of the Middle East", Scale 1:5,000,000, Geologic Survey of Iran (1991).

[16] Berberian M., "Active faulting and tectonics of Iran", In: Gupta H.K., Delany F.M. (Editors), Zagros-Hindu Kush Himalaya Geodynamic Evolution. American Geophysical Union Geodynamic Series, Washington, D.C. (1981) 33-69.

[17] Vahdati Daneshmand F., "Geological Map of Davaran", Scale 1:100,000, Sheet 7251, Geological Survey of Iran (1995).

[18] Gill R., "Igneous Rocks and Processes: A Practical Guide", Wiley-Blackwell (2010) 438 p.

[19] Whitney D.L., Evans B.W., "Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals", American Mineralogist 95 (2010) 185-187.

[20] Droop G.T.R., "A general equation for estimating Fe3+ concentrations in ferromagnesian silicates and oxides from microprobe analyses, using stoichiometric criteria", Mineralogical Magazine 51 (1987) 431-435.

[21] Leterrier J., Maury R.C., Thonon P., Girard D., Marchal M., "Clinopyroxene composition as a method of identification of the magmatic affinities of Paleo-volcano series", Earth and Planetary Science Letters 59 (1982) 139-154.

[22] Morimoto N., Fabries J., Ferguson A.K., Ginzburg I.V., Ross M., Seifert F.A., Zussman J., Aoki K., Gottardi G., "Nomenculature of pyroxenes", American Mineralogist 73 (1988) 1123-1133.

[23] D’Antonio M., Kristensen M.B., "data report: electron microprobe investigation of primary minerals of basalts from the west Philippine sea basin (Ocean Drilling program Leg 195, site 1201)", In: Shinohara M., Salisbury M.H., Richter C. (Editors), ODP Proceedings Scientific Results 195 (2005) 1-24.

[24] Nisbet E.G., Pearce J.A., "Clinopyroxene composition in mafic lavas from different tectonic setting", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 63 (1977) 149-160.

[25] Beccaluva L., Macciotta G., Piccardo G.B., Zeda O., "Clinopyroxene compositions of ophiolite basalts as petrogenetic indicator", Chemical Geology 77 (1989) 165–182.

[26] Sakhaee Z., Davoudian Dehkordi A., Shabanian N., Paydary M., "Approach on the characteristics of basic magma rocks sarkoobeh (north Khomein) by clinopyroxene mineral chemistry (in Persian)", Iranian journal of crystallography and mineralogy 23 (2015) 533-544.

[27] Pyghambary S., "Tectonomagmatic characteristics of ophiolitic gabbroids from south Orzuieh (south of Baft, Kerman) ophiolite complex: insights from clinopyroxene chemistry (in Persian)", Iranian journal of crystallography and mineralogy 26 (2018) 301-314.

[28] Le Bas M.J., "The role of aluminium in igneous clinopyroxenes with relation to their parentage", American Journal of Science 260 (1962) 267–288.

[29] Keshtkar E., Ghorbani M., "Study of clinopyroxenes in the intrusions of Karaj-Taleghan Axis (in Persian)", Iranian journal of crystallography and mineralogy 24 (2016) 405-416.

[30] Sun C.M., Bertrand J., "Geochemistry of clinopyroxenes in plutonic and volcanic sequences from the Yanbian Proterozoic ophiolites (Sichuan Province, China) Petrogenetic and geotectonic implications", Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 71 (1991) 243– 59.

[31] France L., Koepke J., Ildefonse B., Cichy S.B., Deschamps F., "Hydrous partial melting in the sheeted dike complex at fast spreading ridges: experimental and natural observations", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 160–165 (2010) 683–704.

[32] Kilinc A., Carmichael I.S.E., Rivers M.L., Sack R.O., "The ferric-ferrous ratio of natural silicate liquids equilibrated in air", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 83 (1983) 136–140.

[33] Botcharnikov R.E., Koepke J., Holtz F., McCammon C., Wilke M., "The effect of water activity on the oxidation and structural state of Fe in a ferro-basaltic melt", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 69 (2005) 5071–5085.

[34] Carmichael I.S.E., "The redox state of basic and silicic magmas: a reflection of their source regions?" Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 106 (1991) 129–141.

[35] Behrens H., Gaillard F., "Geochemical aspects of melts: Volatiles and redox behavior", In: Behrens H., Roux J., Neuville D., Siemann M. (Editors), Quantification of dissolved H2O in silicate glasses using confocal microRaman spectroscopy, Chemical Geology 229 (2006) 96-112.

[36] Schweitzer E.L., Papike J.J., Bence A.E., "Statistical analysis of clinopyroxenes from deep-sea basalts", American Mineralogist 64 (1979) 501-513.

[37] Helz R.T., "Phase reactions of basalts in their melting renge at PH2O=5Kb. Part II Melts composition", Journal of Petrology 17 (1973) 139-193.

[38] Aoki K.I., Kushiro I., "Some clinopyroxenes from ultramafc inclusions in Dreiser Weiher, Eifel", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 18 (1968) 326-337.

[39] Aoki K.I., Shiba I., "Pyroxenes from lherzolite inclusions of Itinom e-Gata, Japan", Lithos 6 (1973) 41-51.

[40] Soesoo A., "A multivariate statistical analysis of clinopyroxene composition: empirical coordinates for the crystallisation PT-estimations", Geological Society of Sweden - Geologiska föreningen 119 (1997) 55-60.

[41] Putirka K.D., "Thermometers and Barometers for Volcanic Systems", Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 69 (2008) 61-120.

[42] Nimis P., Taylor W.R., "Single Clinopyroxene Thermobarometery for Garnet Peridotites. Part I. Calibration and Testing of the Cr-in-Cpx Barometer and an Enstitite-in-Cpx Thermometer", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 139 (2000) 541-554.

[43] Wilson M., "Igneous Petrogenesis a global tectonic approach", Unwin Hyman, London (1989) 466 p.

[44] Sen G., "Petrology: Principles and Practice", Springer, Verlag Berlin Heidelberg (2014) 368 p.

[45] Kepezhinzkas P.K., Defant M.J., Drummond M.S., "Na metasomatism in the island arc mantle by slab melt-peridotite interaction: evidence from mantle xenoliths in the North Kamchatka arc", Journal of Petrology 36 (1995) 1250-1267.

[46] Kepezhinzkas P.K., Defant M.J., Drummond M.S., "Progressive enrichment of island arc mantle by melt-peridotite interaction inferred from Kamchatka xenoliths", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60 (1996) 1217-1229.

[47] Rudnick R.L., McDonough W.F., Chappel B.W., "Carbonatite metasomatism in the northern Tanzanian mantle: petrographical and geochemical characteristics", Earth and Planetary Science Letters 114 (1993) 463-475.

[48] Yaxley G.M., Crawford A.J., Green D.H., "Evidence for carbonatite metasomatism in spinel peridotite xenoliths from western Victoria, Australia", Earth and Planetary Science Letters 107 (1991) 305-317.

[49] Dautria J.M., Dupuy C., Takheist D., Dostal J., "Carbonate metasomatism in the lithospheric mantle: peridotitic xenoliths from a melititic district of the Sahara basin", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 111 (1992) 37-52.

[50] Ionov D.A., "Trace element composition of mantle-derived carbonates and coexisting phases in peridotite xenoliths from alkali basalts", Journal of Petrology 39 (1998) 1931-1941.

[51] Gorring M.L., Kay S.M., "Carbonanite metasomatized peridotite xenoliths from southern Patagonia: implications for lithospheric processes and Neogene plateau magmatism", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 140 (2000) 55-72.

[52] Neumann E.R., Sorensen V.B., Simonsen S.L., Johnsen K., "Gabbroic xenoliths from La Palma, Tenerife and Lanzarote, Canary Islands: evidence for reactions between mafic alkaline Canary Islands melts and old oceanic crust", Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 103 (2000) 313-342.

[53] McKenzie D.P., O’Nions R.K., "Partial melt distribution from inversion of rare earth element concentration", Journal of Petrology 32 (1991) 1021–1091.

[54] Dai J., Wang C., Hébert R., Li Y., Zhong H., Guillaume R., Bezard R., Wei Y., "Late Devonian OIB alkaline gabbro in the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone: Remnants of the Paleo-Tethys?", Gondwana Research 19 ( 2011) 232–243.





[55] Vesali Y., Esmaeili D., Sepidbar F., Shaebi M., Niromand Sh., "Petrology, geochemistry and tectonic setting of alkaline mafic rocks in the Jalal Abad area in the NW of Zarand (Kerman Province): Evidence for Paleo-Tethys rifting in the Central Iran (in Persian)", Journal of Petrology 9 (2018) 1-20.

[56] Lasemi Y., "Depositional environments of the Ordovician rocks of Iran (syn-rift sequence) and formation of the Paleotethys passive margin (in Persian)", Proceedings of the 17th annual meeting of the Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran (1999).