بررسی‌های کانی شناسی و میانبارهای سیال در کانسار طلای زرشوران، شمال تکاب، شمال‌ غرب ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه

3 دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

کانسار طلای نوع کارلین در زرشوران در فاصله 30 کیلومتری شمال شهرستان تکاب، استان آذربایجان­غربی، شمال­غرب ایران واقع است. واکنش سیال­های کانه­ساز با کربنات­ها و شیل­های میزبان منجر به تشکیل و گسترش پهنه­های دگرسانی دِکربناتی، آرژیلی، آلونیتی، سیلیسی، و سولفیدی در منطقه مورد بررسی شده است. بر اساس بررسی­های میکروسکوپیکی و مزوسکوپیکی صورت گرفته بر نمونه­های مغزه حفاری، کانه­سازی طلا در ارتباط با پیریت­های طلادار و آرسنیک­دار بوده است که طی دو مرحله تشکیل شده­اند. مجموعه کانی­های مربوط به این مراحل شامل پیریت آرسنیک­دار، رالگار، ارپیمنت، سینابر، استیبنیت، و اسفالریت کلوفرم به­ همراه مقادیر کمتری سولفوسالت (تتراهیدریت و گچلیت)­ به صورت همرشدی با ژاسپروئید و کوارتز هستند. بررسی­های ریزدماسنجی بر روی میانبارهای سیال دوفازی غنی از مایع در کوارتزهای خودشکل همرشد با سولفیدهای طلادار نشان داد که سیال­های کانه­ساز دارای میانگین دمای همگن شدگی (Th) حدود 260 درجه سانتی­گراد و شوری­ 2/9 در صد وزنی معادل نمک طعام هستند. روند تغییرات شوری و Th میانبارهای سیال را می­توان با تلفیقی از آمیختگی و رقیق شدن سیال­های کانه­ساز با آب­های زیرزمینی با خاستگاه جوی توضیح داد. این فرآیندها احتمالاً علت اصلی ناپایداری کمپلکس­های طلادار و از اینرو، نهشت طلا در رگه/رگچه­ها هستند. همچنین، براساس فشارهای به دست آمده از یافته­های ریزدماسنجی، عمق­های برآورد شده برای تشکیل کانسنگ در گستره 160 تا 300 متر و فشار 40 تا 75 بار هستند که با بعضی ذخایر طلای نوع کارلین همخوانی دارد. بطورکلی، یافته­های زمین­شناسی، کانی­شناسی، بافتی و ریزدماسنجی شواهد کافی را برای قرارگیری کانه­زایی طلای زرشوران در زمره کانسارهای طلای نوع کارلین فراهم می­نمایند.    

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mineralogy and fluid inclusion investigations in the Zarshuran gold deposit, north of Takab, NW Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tohid Yousefi 1
  • Ali Abedini 1
  • Farhang Aliyari 2
  • AliAsghar Calagari 3
1 Urmia University
2 Urmia University of Technology
3 University of Tabriz
چکیده [English]

The Zarshuran Carlin-type gold deposit is located about 30 km north of Takab, West-Azarbaidjan Province, NW Iran. Interaction between the ore-forming fluids and the host carbonates and shales resulted in development of the decarbonatization, argillic, alunite, silicic, and sulfide alteration zones in the study area. Based on mesoscopic and microscopic studies on drill core samples, gold mineralization is mainly associated with Au-bearing pyrite and arsenic-containing pyrite generated during two stages. The mineral assemblages associated with these stages are As-bearing pyrite, realgar, orpiment, cinnabar, stibnite, and colloform sphalerite together with lesser amounts of sulfosalts (tetrahedrite and getchellite) intergrown with jasperoid and quartz. The microthermometric studies on liquid-rich 2-phase fluid inclusions in euhedral quartz crystals intergrown with the Au-bearing sulfides showed that the ore-forming fluids had an average  homogenization temperature (Th) and salinity of about  260°C and 9.2 wt% NaCl equivalent, respectively. The variation trends in salinity and Th of fluid inclusions could be explained by a combination of mixing and dilution of ore-bearing fluids with subsurface waters of meteoric origin. These processes were likely the principal cause for instability of Au-bearing complexes and hence gold deposition in the veins/veinlets. In addition, on the basis of the obtained pressures from microthermometric data the estimated depths for ore formation were within the range of 160 to 300 meters correlated with 40 to 75 bars, which is in agreement with some known Carlin-type gold deposits. In general, the geological, mineralogical, textural, and microthermometric data provided sufficient evidence to categorize the gold mineralization at Zarshuran as ­­­­­­­Carlin-type

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carlin
  • gold mineralization
  • fluid inclusions
  • Carlin-type
  • sulfosalts
  • Zarshuran

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 آبان 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 آذر 1397

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