بررسی کانی‌شناسی، زمین‌شیمی و رفتار عناصر در فرایند تشکیل بنتونیت‌های منطقه سربیشه (خراسان جنوبی، شرق ایران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه صنعتی بیرجند

2 دانشگاه بیرجند

3 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

فعالیت­های آتشفشانی اسیدی تا حدواسط ترشیری و عملکرد پهنه­های گسلی در منطقه سربیشه، شرایط مناسبی را برای تشکیل بنتونیت به ویژه در نهشته­های آذرآواری فراهم نموده است. پهنه­های بنتونیتی جنوب­شرق گندکان، کلاته پدران، گلاب،  گلستان، آسفیچ، حسن کلنگی و کنگان در گستره نقشه زمین­شناسی 1:100000 سربیشه هدف این پژوهش بوده­اند. پردازش تصاویر ماهواره­ای بیانگر رخداد دگرسانی گسترده رسی باحضور کانی مونت­موریلونیت است. برداشت­های صحرایی و بررسی­های کانی­شناسی به روش پراش پرتوی X (XRD)، پردازش­های ماهواره­ای و تشکیل بنتونیت در این مناطق را تایید نمود. کانی­های اصلی تشکیل دهنده این بنتونیت­ها شامل مونت­موریلونیت، آنورتیت وکریستوبالیت هستند. بر اساس داده­های موجود، بنتونیت حسن کلنگی از نوع سدیم-کلسیم­دار، بنتونیت­ آسفیچ از نوع کلسیم-سدیم­دار و بنتونیت گلستان از نوع کلسیمی است. سنگ مادر بنتونیت­های مورد بررسی شامل گدازه­های اسیدی تا حدواسط (ریوداسیت- داسیت تا آندزیت) و سنگ­های آذرآواری (توف-برش) است که دچار دگرسانی متوسط تا شدید شده­اند. محاسبه تغییرات زمین­شیمیایی پهنه‌های بنتونیتی بیانگر کاهش سیلیس، سدیم و پتاسیم و افزایش کلسیم است.     

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of mineralogy, geochemistry and elemental behavior in the process of bentonites formation in Sarbisheh area (South Khorasan, east of Iran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • malihe Nakhaei 1
  • Seyed saeed Mohammadi 2
  • Iraj Rasa 3
  • Somayeh Samiee 1
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

Tertiary acidic to intermediate volcanic activities and the role of fault zones in Sarbisheh area have provided suitable conditions for the formation of bentonite, especially in pyroclastic deposits. Southeast Gondakan, Kalateh Pedaran, Golab, Golestan, Asfich, Hasan Kolangi, and Kangan bentonites in 1/100000 geological map of Sarbisheh were selected as the case study. Satellite image processing shows argillic alteration with the presence of montmorillonite. Field and XRD studies approved satellite image processing and bentonite formation in the studied areas. Montmorillonite, anorthite, and cristobalite are the main minerals in these bentonites. Based on available data, Hasan Kolangi, Asfich and Golestan bentonites are Na-Ca, Ca-Na, and Ca-type respectively. Parental rocks of studied bentonites are acidic to intermediate lavas (rhyodacite-dacite to andesite) and pyroclastic rocks (tuff-breccia) that had affected by medium to high-grade alteration. Calculation of geochemical changes in bentonitic zones indicated the decrease of silica, Na, and K and increase of Ca.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bentonite
  • Sarbisheh
  • satellite processing

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مجله بلورشناسی و کانی شناسی ایران
دوره 27، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 73
فروردین 1398
صفحه 207-220

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 اردیبهشت 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 تیر 1397
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